| Bibliography and Index of United Nations Centre for Regional Development Publications | |||
| Citation | Kakazu, Hiroshi. “Growth Triangles in ASEAN: A New Approach to Regional Cooperation.” Regional Development Studies 4 (1998): 1-36. | ||
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| Year | 1998 | ||
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| Material Type | Journal Article | ||
| Features | 18 notes; 19 additional references; 8 tables; 8 figures (some maps); 2 appendices (p. 25-36) | ||
| Pages | p. 1-36 | ||
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Part of
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| Subjects |
ASEAN 01.03.03 ASIA 01.04.04 CASE STUDIES 18.04.01 COMPLEMENTARITY AGREEMENTS 01.02.01 ECONOMIC GROWTH 03.02.03 ECONOMIC INDICATORS 03.01.02 FREE TRADE AREAS 09.05.08 GATT 01.03.02 REGIONAL COOPERATION 01.01.01 WTO 01.03.03 | ||
| Abstract | The economic dynamism in Asia under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) - World Trade Organization (WTO) multilateral trading regime, along with the end of the cold war, opened the borders among contiguous areas for trade and investment which led to the flourishing of a new type of regional cooperation and integration called "growth triangles" (GTs) in which complementarities in factor endowments of three of more countries are exploited for trade and investment. The GT has been attracting attention particularly because of its market-driven, peripheral-oriented, and private sector-led regional cooperation which differs from formal integration efforts such as the European Union (EU) and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). This article examines the backgrounds, emergence, theories, merits, limitations, and success stories of Asian GTs, focusing on the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries. Two case studies, i.e., the Singapore, Johor (Malaysia), and Riau (Indonesia) (SIJORI) GT and the Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Philippines (BIMP)-East ASEAN Growth Area (EAGA) GT, are also discussed. The conclusion is that the Asian (ASEAN) GTs are effective in promoting open regionalism through intraregional trade and investment. Given certain conditions, GTs are also useful in closing the income and growth gaps between the centres and peripheries. The Asian GTs, however, are facing different problems and challenges reflecting the socio-politico-economic characteristics of the regions involved. --Journal abstract | ||
| Control No. | RDS 04a | ||